
Energies and implantation doses
The available energy range extends from 30 keV to 500 keV. Typical fluences range from approximately 1E10 cm⁻² to 1E16 cm⁻².
Process parameters outside these ranges can also be assessed for technical feasibility. For fluences above approximately 1E16 cm⁻², the economic viability of the process becomes an important consideration. Such requirements are therefore evaluated individually.



